Russell D. Nishimura, DDS; Professor Emeritus, UCLA School of Dentistry; Fellow Academy of Osseointegration

What are Onlays and Inlays?

Onlays and Inlays can be made of porcelain, gold, or composite resin. These pieces are bonded to the damaged area of the tooth. An onlay is a more substantial reconstruction, similar to the inlay but extending out over one or more of the cusps of the tooth. An inlay, which is similar to a filling, is used inside the cusp tips of the tooth.

Traditionally, gold has been the material of choice for Onlays and Inlays. In recent years, however, porcelain has become increasingly popular due to its strength and color, which can potentially match the natural color of your teeth.

How are Onlays and Inlays applied?

Onlays and Inlays require two appointments to complete the procedure. During the first visit, the filling being replaced or the damaged or decaying area of the tooth is removed, and the tooth is prepared for the Onlay or Inlay. To ensure proper fit and bite, an impression of the tooth is made by the dentist, and sent to a lab for fabrication. The dentist will then apply a temporary sealant on the tooth and schedule the next appointment.

At the second appointment, the temporary sealant is removed. Dr. Nishimura will then make sure that the Onlay or Inlay fits correctly. If the fit is satisfactory, the Onlay or Inlay will be bonded to the tooth with a strong resin and polished to a smooth finish.

Considerations for Onlays and Inlays

Traditional fillings can reduce the strength of a natural tooth by up to 50 percent. As an alternative, Onlays and Inlays, which are bonded directly onto the tooth using special high-strength resins, can actually increase the strength of a tooth by up to 75 percent. As a result, they can last from 10 to 30 years. In some cases, where the damage to the tooth is not extensive enough to merit an entire crown, onlays can provide a very good alternative.